M1 U1一般现在时
录入者:yhy杨华燕 人气指数: 次 发布时间:2013年02月01日
一般现在时
表示一般现在:
①表示经常或习惯性的动作,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We always care for each other and help each other.
I often have lunch at 12:00 o’clock.
这类词你还能想到哪些?
Eg. : sometimes; usually; never; every week 等等。
②表示现状、性质、状态。
I have something important to do.
I know what you mean.
Smith owns a car and a house.
All the students here belong to No.7 Middle School.
观察这类谓语动词都包含有哪些含义?
表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用的有:see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、be long seem等。
③表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时态限制)
The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.
Water boils at 100oC.
代替将来:
④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示时态。(主将从现)
If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.
如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会,我的家人会非常高兴。
⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、open、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时,表示官方事件(一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作)。或按时刻表安排一定会发生的动作。
The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
现在进行时
表现在进行:
①表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作;
It is raining now.
Excuse me, you’re sitting in my seat.
②表示一个阶段内经常进行的动作。
Miss Yang is teaching English and learning Chinese this term.
He is writing a novel this month.
代替将来:
③表近期、或已经确定和安排的计划。如:
We are leaving on Friday.
I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.
At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the bady before six.)
这类谓语动词有哪些特征?
1. 起止动词:go come leave fly 等,表示?
2. 一般动词,表示?
④常与always、often、all the time等频度副词连用,表经常反复的行动,带有某种感情色彩。
The girl is always talking loud in public.
You are complaining about your study all the time.
注意:下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。(参考课本p96)
(A)表示心理状态、情感的动作:like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。
(B)表存在的状态的动词:appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on。
(C)表示一时性动作的动词:allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。
(D)表示感官的动词:see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。
一般将来时
①常用will / shall + V-原(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等),表示纯将来(未来的动作或状态)
I will go to HK next summer holiday.
②表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。
We’ll die without air or water.
Oil will float in water.
③常用be going to + V-原, 表示:
a. 有明显迹象表明将要发生的事情。
Look at the sky—It’s going to rain.
My sister is going to have a baby.
b. 做某事的意图。
The president is going to resign.
c. 近期的打算。
I’m going to study hard.
④借助一般现在时(does)与现在进行时(be doing)的力量。
⑤常用be to do,表按计划、安排即将发生的动作或者吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等。
A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.
⑥常用be about to do sth. 表示“即可,就要”(客观上马上就要发生的事情),有事常与when连用。注意:后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。
Autumn harvest is about to start.
I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
小结:
be going to与will / shall,用法及区别:
①be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;
shall / will do表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定。
I am going to buy a new computer.
--Candy is ill in hospital.
-- Oh, really? I will go to see her.
②be going to 表将来,不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而will则能,表意愿。如:
If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)
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