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M1 U1一般现在时

录入者:yhy杨华燕  人气指数: 次  发布时间:2013年02月01日

一般现在时  

 表示一般现在:  

   

  ①表示经常或习惯性的动作,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。  

We always care for each other and help each other.  

    I often have lunch at 12:00 o’clock.   

    这类词你还能想到哪些?  

    Eg. : sometimes; usually; never; every week 等等。  

②表示现状、性质、状态

I have something important to do.   

I know what you mean.  

Smith owns a car and a house.  

All the students here belong to No.7 Middle School.  

    观察这类谓语动词都包含有哪些含义?  

表示知觉态度感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用的有:seehearsmelltastefeelnoticeagreebelievelikehatewantthinkbe                                       long seem等。  

③表示客观事实普通真理(不受时态限制)  

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.  

Water boils at 100oC.  

   

代替将来  

   

④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shallwill表“意愿”,但不表示时态。(主将从现)  

If you will accept my invitation and     come to our party, my family will be pleased.  

如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会,我的家人会非常高兴。  

⑤少数用于表示起止的动词comegoleavearriveflyreturnstartbeginopencloseendstop等常用一般现在时代替将来时,表示官方事件(一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作)。或按时刻表安排一定会发生的动作。  

The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.  

Tomorrow is Wednesday.  

   

现在进行时  

表现在进行  

   

①表示说话时正在发生一个动作  

   It is     raining now.  

   Excuse me, you’re sitting in my seat.  

表示一个阶段内经常进行的动作。  

Miss Yang is teaching English and learning Chinese this term.  

   He is writing a novel this month.   

代替将来:  

   

③表近期、或已经确定和安排的计划。如:  

We are leaving on Friday.  

I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.  

At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the bady before six.)  

这类谓语动词有哪些特征?  

1.       起止动词:go come leave fly 等,表示?  

2.       一般动词,表示?  

④常与alwaysoftenall the time等频度副词连用,表经常反复的行动,带有某种感情色彩  

The girl is always talking loud in public.  

You are complaining about your study all the time.  

注意:下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。(参考课本p96)  

A)表示心理状态、情感的动作:like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need  

B)表存在的状态的动词:appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on  

C)表示一时性动作的动词:allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete  

D)表示感官的动词:see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look  

   

   

一般将来时  

①常用will / shall + V-(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrownext week等),表示纯将来未来的动作或状态)  

I will go to HK next summer holiday.  

②表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势  

We’ll die without air or water.  

Oil will float in water.  

③常用be going to + V-, 表示:  

a. 明显迹象表明将要发生的事情。  

Look at the sky—It’s going to rain.  

My sister is going to have a baby.  

b. 做某事的意图  

The president is going to resign.  

c. 近期的打算  

I’m going to study hard.  

④借助一般现在时(does)与现在进行时(be doing)的力量。  

⑤常用be to do,表按计划、安排即将发生的动作或者吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等。  

A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.  

⑥常用be about to do sth. 表示“即可,就要(客观上马上就要发生的事情),有事常与when连用。注意:后面不能接时间状语或状语从句  

Autumn harvest is about to start.  

I was about to leave when the telephone rang.   

小结:  

be going towill / shall,用法及区别:  

be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;  

shall / will do表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定  

I am going to buy a new computer.  

--Candy is ill in hospital.  

-- Oh, really? I will go to see her.  

be going to 表将来,不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而will则能,表意愿。如:  

If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)  

If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)

 
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