定语从句

定语从句

目标一：了解概念。

首先，什么是定语？

à修饰名词代词的就是定语。定语可以在所修饰的名词的前面后面。

比如abeautifulgirl; abusyday;

somethingimportant;

Theboystandingthereis Tom.

那什么是定语从句？

很简单，就是说当修饰名词的那部分是一个小从句（分句）的时候，我们就把这个这个叫做定语从句。

I don’t knowthepersonwho is standing there.

Thestorythat he told meis very interesting.

I can’t forgetthedaywhen we were together.

所以，定语从句就是那些修饰前面名词的小分句。

判断定语从句的标志就是看他前面是不是有让从句修饰的名词（也叫先行词）。（以后还会学到定语从句有时候修饰的也可以是一个句子。如She got married,which surprises me a lot.）

练习：1.标出从句，2.判断从句是否是定语从句，3.如果是，请找出从句所修饰的名词。

1.I must work hard so that I can earn more money.

2.The book that he wrote is very interesting.

3.I will tell him as soon as I see him.

4.I don’t know the person who comes from America.

5.The park that is in the centre of town has many beautiful trees.

6.This is the place where he once worked.

7.This is where he once worked.

答案：

1.I must work hard so thatI can earn more money.不是

2.Thebookthat he wroteis very interesting.是

3.I will tell him as soon asI see him.不是

4.I don’t knowthe personwho comes from America.是

5.The parkthat is in the centre of townhas many beautiful trees.是

6.This istheplacewhere he once worked.是

7.This iswhere he once worked.不是

很好，到现在，你已经懂得判断一个从句到底是不是定语从句了，那就是看_______________.

目标一已经完成。（已经懂得找出从句，判断是否是定语从句，也懂得找出先行词）

目标二：懂得什么是关系词，并且懂得需要填哪一类关系词。

首先，我们要知道，在定语从句当中，主句与从句相连是需要关系词的。

这种关系词，是主句和从句连接的纽带。它是处在从句中的前端

比如The bookthathe wroteis very interesting.划横线的是从句，蓝色字that是关系词，连接了主句和从句。

找出从句和关联词。

1.This is the food that I like.　　

2.This is the girl whose money was stolen.　　

3.I don’t like the people who throw litter.　　

4.This is the place that I like.　　

5.This is the place where I was born.　　

6.This is the day that I will never forget.　　

7.I will never forget the day when we were together.　　

8.I’ve found the book which was stolen.　　

答案（划横线的是从句，蓝色字是关系词）

1.Thisis the foodthatI like.

2.This is the girlwhosemoney was stolen.　　

3.I don’t like the peoplewhothrow litter.

4.This is the placethatI like.

5.This is the placewhereI was born.

6.This is the daythatI will never forget.

7.I will never forget the daywhenwe were together.

8.I’ve found the bookwhichwas stolen.

好，现在我们也知道了什么是关系词了。现在的任务是看看上面可以做关系词的都是哪些词语？

有That, which, who, whose, where, when等。

这些句子都是定语从句，但我们又看到，

2.3句先行词都是人，但连接主句从句的关系词却不一样。

4.5句的先行词都是place，但连接主句从句的关系词也不一样。

6.7句先行词都是day，但连接主句从句的关系词也不一样。

到底是什么样的规律决定选择什么样的关系词呢？

这就是我们今天要学的目标二。

规律就是：看定语从句里面需要什么成分，并且结合先行词和句意来判断。

接下来跟同桌或者自己来做分析以下几个句子。

大家现在先判断这几个句子的从句需要的是什么成分。

1.This is the food ______ I like.　　

2.This is the girl ______ money was stolen.　　

3.I don’t like the people ______ throw litter.　　

4.This is the place ______ I like.　　

5.This is the place ______ I was born.　　

6.This is the day ______ I will never forget.　　

7.I will never forget the day ______ we were together.　　

8.I’ve found the book ______ was stolen.　　

好，根据从句，先行词，以及句意，我们知道上面的各个从句需要的分别是

1.This is the food______ I like.宾语

2.This is the girl______ money was stolen.定语” …的”　　

3.I don’t like the people______ throw litter.主语

4.This is the place______ I like.宾语

5.This is the place______ I was born.状语

6.This is the day______ I will never forget.宾语

7.I will never forget the day______ we were together.状语

8.I’ve found the book______ was stolen.主语

因此，我们看到他们所缺的主要是三种

1.主语、宾语

2.定语“…的”

3.状语

今天我们要学的就是

缺主语宾语用关系代词who.which.whom.that.　　

缺定语“…的”用whose　　

缺状语用when.where.why　　

这是我们今天学到目标二。根据缺什么选择填哪一类词语。

目标三：具体选择哪一个关系词

这一步是最最重要的。

我们首先是记住下面一个图。

看有没有 先行词， 判断是否是 定语从句

根据从句、 先行词和句意 判断从句 需要什么成分

缺“…的”

缺主语宾语的

缺状语

用who.whom. 用that. 用Which

用when. 用where. 用why

人 皆可 物

时间 地点 原因

先行 词是

用whose

关系 词选

简化一下，为

典型例句

缺主语宾语的à人用who.whom.àThis is the girl who comes from America.

用that.

物用WhichàI’ve found the book which was stolen.　　

缺状语à时间用when.àI will never forget the day when we were together.　　

地点用where.àThis is the place where I was born.　　

原因用whyàI don’t know the reason why he didn’t come.

缺“…的”à用whoseàThis is the girl whose money was stolen.　　

今天的任务就是要把这个思维图理解并且记下典型例子

另外两点常考的：

有逗号不用that；whom只用于宾格。

以上就是定语从句的主要讲解。在之后，我们还将讲解定语从句的一些特殊用法和常考知识点。

作业：课本41页练习7、9，找出这些句子中的先行词和关系词，并且翻译成中文。并根据今天所讲的思考为什么要填句子所给的那个关系词。

补充及反思：