unit 7 定语从句

聚焦定语从句

——“关系副词、介词+关系代词”篇

例句呈现

先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下黑体部分的用法。

1) Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the 　　USA　　?　　

2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down.　　

3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus.　　

4) I have read the book in which you are interested.　　

5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from 　　Japan　　.　　

6) This is the book which she is looking for.　　

小结归纳

when通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）；where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）；而why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）；当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+关系代词”，即：when / where可转化为on / in / at等+ which，why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3）。另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。

聚焦高考

下面让我们来看看高考中对定语从句是怎样考查的吧！

1. If a shop has chairs ____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. (上海2005)　　

A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where

（注意：斜体部分为最佳选项。下同）

2. Do you still remember the chicken farm ______ we visited three months ago?(北京2005春)　　

A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what 　　

3. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (广东2005)　　

A. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that　　

4. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ____ they are being trained.(江西2005)　　

A. in thatB. for thatC. in whichD. for which　　

通过上面的高考试题你发现了哪些特点？一起来总结一下吧：

1）选用什么引导词，要看定语从句中所缺少的成分，若缺少状语，用关系副词where/ when /why或“介词+关系代词”，如题1；若缺少主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that / which，如题2。

2）“介词+关系代词”放在先行词和从句之间时，依据需要，介词可以根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定，如题3；也可以根据从句中谓语动词的某种习惯搭配来确定，如题4。

即学即练

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses.(湖南2006)　　

A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which　　

2. We’re just trying to reach a point ______ both sides will sit down together and talk.(山东2006)　　

A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which 　　

3. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?　　

—Yes, there’s one point ______ we must insist on. (江西2006)　　

A. whyB. whereC. howD.不填

Key: 1-3 BAD