2021英语备课资料：2022高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（二）

2022高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（二）

一、基础达标测试（本题共30小题，每题1分，共30分）

1.（2020.大庆实验质检）For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away        car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

【答案】 by

【解析】考查介词。句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。故填by.

2.（2020.衡水一中质量评估）The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even        most modern of architects and engineers.

【答案】the       

【解析】考查定冠词。Most modern是最高级，最高级前要加定冠词the.

3.（2020.邢台一中期末）     the same time, they warm up again for the night.

【答案】At       

【解析】考查介词。“at the same time”意为“与此同时”，是固定短语。故填At.

4.（2020.石家庄一中期末）What makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without    ( use) electric equipment.

【答案】using     

【解析】考查介词用法。介词后面跟动名词作宾语。故填using.

5.（2020.秦皇岛一中期末）For all you information, you don't have to go to      library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it.

【答案】the

【解析】考查固定词组。Go to the library去图书馆。句意：你所要的信息，都不需要去图书馆找相关资料，做笔记。故填the.

6.There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed     the amount of information.

【答案】with

【解析】考查固定搭配。be overwhelmed with忙着做…；句意：有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着你将忙于筛选各种信息。故填with.

7.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat ________another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.

【答案】with

【解析】考查固定搭配。固定短语share with意思是和…分享。该句意思为：想象你是一个学生并且和其他一个你认为她不愿意做她那份家务的学生合租一间公寓。故填with.

8.The other person will have more respect for you       the future if you do that.

【答案】in

【解析】考查介词短语。固定短语In the future表示在未来。该句意思为：如果你那样做，在未来，一些人会对你更加尊敬。故填in.

9.The internet was designed to make ________ easier for people to access the information.

【答案】it

【解析】考查代词。句意：网络被设计的目的是让人们能更容易地获取信息。本题考查it做形式宾语，代替后面的不定式的复合结构for people to access the information，make it easy for sb to do sth 让某人做......变得更容易。故填it.

10.I'd appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.

【答案】it

【解析】考查代词。句意：如果你愿意教我如何使用这台电脑，我将不胜感激。appreciate+it+if...是固定句型，意思是“如果……，我将不胜感激”，故填it.
11.To earn respect, we should devote__________（us）to study and achieve high grades.

【答案】ourselves

【解析】考查反身代词。句意：为了赢得尊重，我们应该全力投入学习，取得高分。固定短语devote oneself to...“把。。。投入到”，故填ourselves.
12.The Qing Dynasty(AD1616-1911) had twelve emperors, nine of _____ buried in the two groups of tombs in Heibei Province.

【答案】them

【解析】考查代词。分析句子结构可知，没有连词，空格后面也没有谓语，所以，属于独立主格结构，空格指代复数名词emperors，要使用指代第三人称的代词的复数，且放于介词of后，要用宾格 them，故填them.
13.So angry was he that he couldn't speak even a word, but stared _______ her.

【答案】at

【解析】考查介词。句意：他如此的生气以至于他一句话都说不出来，就是盯着她看。"盯着看"用stare at，是固定短语，故填at.
14.The weight-loss pills that Amy took had side effects _______ her health and caused her liver to fail.

【答案】on

【解析】考查介词短语。句意：艾米吃的减肥药对她的健康有副作用，导致她的肝脏衰竭。have side effects on对……有副作用，固定短语。故填on.
15. The boy didn’t want the pictures to remind him ___ the suffering he experienced.

【答案】of

【解析】考查介词。句意：那男孩不想让这些照片使他想起所经历的痛苦。remind sb. of sth.是固定搭配，意思是“提醒某人干某事，使某人想起某事”，故填of.
16. There is no such thing ______ failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.

【答案】as

【解析】考查介词。句意：世间并不存在“失败”，那不过是生活想让我们换个方向走走罢了。such…as…像……样的……，固定结构。故填as.
17.Many things play ________ part in the development of the type of English.

【答案】a

【解析】考查固定短语和冠词。句意：许多事情对英语的发展起了作用。play a part in sth.起……作用，固定搭配。故填a.
18.It's ________ honor as well as a responsibility to be chosen as the host country.

【答案】an

【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：被选为东道主是一种荣誉，也是一种责任。固定句型It is an honor to do sth.做某事是一种荣誉，泛指，应用不定冠词，honor中的h不发音，是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an，故填an.
19.During _____________1960s, there were terrible fights between blacks and whites in America.

【答案】the

【解析】考查定冠词。特指后文1960s，故填the.
20.Many of them have _________gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.

【答案】a

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：他们中的许多人有骑野马的天赋，能赢得数千美元的奖金。固定短语have a gift for doing sth. “有做……的天赋”，故填gift.
二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

1.（2020.北京卷）I know I will whisper to ______(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.

【答案】myself

【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself.

2.（2020.北京卷）First celebrated ______ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区).

【解析】考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in.

3.（2019.全国卷I）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of     (die) early by running.

【答案】dying　

【解析】考查介词用法。句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。介词(of)后需用动名词形式作宾语。故填dying.

4.（2019.全国卷III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find     (they) alive.

【答案】them　

【解析】考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them.

5.（2019.浙江卷）Many westerners that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap      can be to eat out.

【答案】it

【解析】考查代词。代指做形式主语，代指动词不定式to eat out用代词it. 故填it.

6.（2019.浙江卷）If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.

【答案】for

【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你不打算忍受这个问题，那么我建议下次你去你妈妈家吃饭的时候，从她那里得到一些烹饪技巧。动词短语go to your mums' home后用介词for表示目的。故填for.

 

7.(2017.全国卷Ⅱ) This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over  　      top.

【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。此处表特指,故需用定冠词修饰名词。故填the.

8.(2017.全国卷Ⅲ) Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as         model in New York.

【答案】a　

【解析】考查冠词。句意:相反,她现在在纽约作为一名模特每天挣6,500英镑。model为可数名词，此处表示泛指,故填冠词a.

9.(2017.全国卷Ⅲ) After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree          engineering or architecture.

【答案】in　

【解析】考查介词。a degree in...指“某专业的学位”,专业前用介词in.

10.(2016·全国卷I )But my connection with pandas goes back ______ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s

【答案】to

【解析】考查固定短语。句意：但是我与熊猫的联系追溯到二十世纪八十年代，我在电视节目中的日子。go back to追溯到，该短语是固定短语，所以填to.

三、代词、介词和冠词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

Yuan Longping serves 1._______ great scientist. After twenty years' hard work, he finally grew what is called super hybrid rice. In 1973, Mr. Yuan became 2._______ first agricultural specialist in the world to grow rice with a high output. This special strain of rice makes 3._______possible to produce 20% more of the crop in 4.______ same field.
   Yuan Longping graduated 5.________college in 1953,when hunger was a worrying problem in many parts of the countryside. He was determined to search 6.       a way to increase rice harvests without 7.     (expand) the area of the fields. Thanks to his research, rice harvests in China increased greatly. Now, Dr. Yuan is circulating knowledge to many countries to help rid their people 8.         hunger.
     It is because of his contributions that all the people respect 9._________(he) a great deal.Yuan cares little about being famous. He would much rather have more freedom to do his research and keep time for his hobbies. In addition 10._________ his dream about rice being planted, Yuan also has a dream of exporting his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.

1.  【答案】as

   【解析】本题考查介词。句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家。固定短语serve as“作为”，故填as.

2.  【答案】the

    【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：1973年，袁先生成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业专家。  序数词前用定冠词the.故填the.

3.  【答案】it

【解析】本题考查代词和固定句式。句意：这种特殊的水稻品种使在同一田地里生产多生产20%的作物成为可能。句式make it possible to do sth, it代替动词不定式produce 20% more of the crop in the same field，是形式宾语。故填it.

4.  【答案】the

   【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：同上句。固定用法:same前面常用定冠词the, 故填the.

5.【答案】from

【解析】本题考查介词。句意：袁隆平1953年大学毕业。固定短语graduate from“从。。。毕业”，故填from.

6.【答案】for

【解析】考查介词。句意：他决心寻找一种在没有扩大田地的面积的情况下增产的方法。 分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入介词for，与search一起构成固定短语，search  for“寻找”，故填for.

7.【答案】expanding

【解析】本题考查介词用法。句意：同上句。Without是介词，其后面用动名词作宾语。故填expanding.

8.【答案】of

【解析】考查介词。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入of，与rid一起构成固定搭配rid sb/sth of sth，其中rid后跟的是要去除的对象，of后跟的是要去除的东西，故填of.

9.【答案】him

【解析】本题考查人称代词。句意：正因为他的贡献，所有的人都尊重非常尊重他。respect sb,此处需要宾语，用人称代词宾格。故填him.

10.【答案】to

【解析】本题考查介词短语。句意：除了他种植水稻的梦想外，袁也有一个出口大米的梦想，这样它就可以在全球种植。 固定短语in addition to“除了。。。还有”，故填to.